All about Punctuation Marks in English Grammar
English Grammar has 14 punctuation marks. They are as follows : period (.) also known as full stop, question mark (?), exclamation mark(!), comma(,), semicolon (;), dash(-), hyphen(-), parentheses(()), brackets([]), braces({}), apostrophe(’), quotation marks(“ ”), and ellipsis(...).
Which punctuation should be used for sentence endings?
There are three punctuation marks which are appropriate for sentence ending:
- Period / Full Stop ( . )
Period / Full top can be used as sentence ender or after an abbreviation.
Examples:
Shena is doing homework.
Mr. John, is the manager of Jodan Corporation.
- Question Mark ( ? )
Question mark indicates the direct question.
Example :
At what time is your classes?
- Exclamation Mark ( ! )
Exclamation mark is used for expressing expression or to an emphasis on something.
Examples :
“Oh my god!” she said.
You made me furious!
Where can you use: Comma, Semicolon and Colon?
Comma, semicolon, and colon are often used when you want pause in the sentence. They are often at wrong places.
- Comma ( , )
Comma can be used at three places : to address someone, to separate two different sentences and to separate items or elements.
Examples:
It was a great help, Lisa
On Sunday we went for the movie, and had lunch in the restaurant.
Every child love chocolates, games, balloon and sweets.
- Semicolon ( ; )
Semicolon is used to concat two different clauses to show the close relation between them.
Example:
It was a lovely weather; everyone was enjoying drinking coffee.
- Colon ( : )
Colon is mainly used for three purposes: quotation, explanation and example or series.
Examples :
Joseph can’t live without one thing in life: his mobile.
He didn’t have time to drink tea: he was late for office.
In my college, there are mainly five courses: MBA, MCA, Ms.IT, Bs.IT and BCA.
How to use - Dash and the Hyphen?
These two punctuation marks are identical in appearance but different in usage.
- Hyphen ( - )
To merge two or more words to make a compound term hyphen can be used.
Examples :
Well-known
Co-operative
Now-a-days
- Dash ( -- )
Dash can be used for making the connection.
Examples:
1995-2015
Ahmedabad-Gujarat
Finally, She said - Yes.
Brackets, Braces and Parentheses all are used Differently.
- Brackets ( [ ] )
Brackets are the square notations which technically clarifies the meaning or enhance the sense of a sentence.
Example:
She [ Kalpana Chawla ] was the first women to travel to space.
- Braces ( { } )
Braces are usually used to join lines of text or listed items to considered as the same unit. They are seldom used but when used mostly in a mathematical expression.
Example:
2 {2 + [ 5 * 9] }
- Parentheses ( ( ) )
Parentheses can used in replacement of comma to augment the meaning of a sentence.
Example:
Jack and Jill ( who are siblings ) both dance well.
What are Apostrophe, Quotation Marks and Ellipsis?
- Apostrophe ( ’ )
Apostrophe is used for possession of something, or omission of letters, or the plurals of lowercase letters.
Examples:
Jade’s dog barks at every unknown person he sees.
I’ll try to complete my task as soon as possible.
In India, mostly all girls name ends with i’s or a's.
- Quotation Marks ( ? )
To write the same sentence or line someone has spoken or exclaimed or expressed quotation marks are used.
Example:
Rohan said to his mother, “I am very hungry.”
“What an amazing foot it was !” she exclaimed.
- Ellipsis ( … )
Ellipsis are used when there is a repetition of something or something needs to be understood without speaking. Also mostly used in quotes.
Examples:
The little boy counted, “one, two, three…” till hundred.
On the smooth surface, the marble was going round and round and …
British vs. American English
There are a few differences between punctuation in British and American English. The following charts details some of those differences:
British English
|
American English
| |
The “ . “ symbol is called
|
A full stop
|
a period
|
The “ ! “ symbol is called
|
an exclamation mark
|
an exclamation point
|
The “ ( ) “ symbols are called
|
brackets
|
parentheses
|
The “ [ ] “ symbols are called
|
square brackets
|
brackets
|
The position of quotation marks
|
Joy means “happiness”.
|
Joy means “happiness.”
|
The punctuation for abbreviations
|
Dr, Mr, Mrs, St, Rd, Ct
|
Dr., Mr., Mrs., St., Rd., Ct.
|
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